The translation provides .po loaders as of 2.1:
use Symfony\Component\Translation\Loader\PoFileLoader;
// ...
$translator->addLoader('po', new PoFileLoader());
$translator->addResource('po', __DIR__.'/translation/messages.en.po', 'en');
// ...
The component also provide other gettext loaders, for a full list see: https://github.com/symfony/Translation/tree/master/Loader