It is doable:
For this purpose you should add User Property to your Outlook.MeetingItem:
Outlook.MeetingItem item = //get or create your item here;
if(item.UserProperties["Agenda"] == null){
Outlook.UserProperty property = item.UserProperties.Add("Agenda", olText);
}
property.value = "Your agenda";
item.Save();
This code will add Agenda property to your meeting item.
Now if you want to display it you should go with Custom View or Custom TaskPane or Form Region