ActiveRecord / Rails中的多列外键/关联

Question

我有徽章（有点像StackOverflow）。

其中一些可以附加到可徽章的东西上（例如<！> gt徽章;帖子上的X评论附在帖子上）。几乎所有级别都有多个级别（例如<！> gt; 20，<！> gt; 100，<！> gt; 200），并且每个可标记的x徽章类型（= badgeset_id）只能有一个级别。 / p>

为了更容易强制执行每个徽章的一级约束，我希望徽章通过两列外键指定徽章 - level和badge_id - 而不是通过主键（<= >），虽然徽章也有标准的主键。

在代码中：

class Badge < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy
  # integer: badgeset_id, level

  validates_uniqueness_of :badgeset_id, :scope => :level
end

class Badging < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  # integer: badgset_id, level instead of badge_id
  #belongs_to :badge # <-- how to specify? 
  belongs_to :badgeable, :polymorphic => true

  validates_uniqueness_of :badgeset_id, :scope => [:user_id, :badgeable_id]
  validates_presence_of :badgeset_id, :level, :user_id  

  # instead of this:
  def badge
    Badge.first(:conditions => {:badgeset_id => self.badgeset_id, :level => self.level})
  end
end

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy do
    def grant badgeset, level, badgeable = nil
      b = Badging.first(:conditions => {:user_id => proxy_owner.id, :badgeset_id => badgeset,
        :badgeable_id => badgeable.try(:id), :badgeable_type => badgeable.try(:class)}) ||
        Badging.new(:user => proxy_owner, :badgeset_id => badgeset, :badgeable => badgeable)
      b.level = level
      b.save
    end
  end
  has_many :badges, :through => :badgings
  # ....
end

如何指定一个belongs_to关联来执行该操作（并且不尝试使用has_many :through），以便我可以使用undefined local variable or method 'level' for #<User:0x3ab35a8>？

ETA：这部分有效（即@ badging.badge有效），但感觉很脏：

belongs_to :badge, :foreign_key => :badgeset_id, :primary_key => :badgeset_id, :conditions => 'badges.level = #{level}'

请注意，条件是单引号，而不是double，这使得它在运行时而不是加载时解释。

但是，当尝试使用：through关联时，我收到错误'badges.level = #{badgings.level}'。没有什么明显的（例如badge_set_id）似乎有用......

ETA 2：使用EmFi的代码并清理它有点工作。它需要将<=>添加到徽章，这是多余的，但很好。

代码：

class Badge < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :badgings
  belongs_to :badge_set
  has_friendly_id :name

  validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => :level

  default_scope :order => 'badge_set_id, level DESC'
  named_scope :with_level, lambda {|level| { :conditions => {:level => level}, :limit => 1 } }

  def self.by_ids badge_set_id, level
    first :conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set_id, :level => level} 
  end

  def next_level
    Badge.first :conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set_id, :level => level + 1}
  end
end

class Badging < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :badge 
  belongs_to :badge_set
  belongs_to :badgeable, :polymorphic => true

  validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => [:user_id, :badgeable_id]
  validates_presence_of :badge_set_id, :badge_id, :user_id  

  named_scope :with_badge_set, lambda {|badge_set|
    {:conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set} }
  }

  def level_up level = nil
    self.badge = level ? badge_set.badges.with_level(level).first : badge.next_level
  end

  def level_up! level = nil
    level_up level
    save
  end
end

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy do
    def grant! badgeset_id, level, badgeable = nil
      b = self.with_badge_set(badgeset_id).first || 
         Badging.new(
            :badge_set_id => badgeset_id,
            :badge => Badge.by_ids(badgeset_id, level), 
            :badgeable => badgeable,
            :user => proxy_owner
         )
      b.level_up(level) unless b.new_record?
      b.save
    end
    def ungrant! badgeset_id, badgeable = nil
      Badging.destroy_all({:user_id => proxy_owner.id, :badge_set_id => badgeset_id,
        :badgeable_id => badgeable.try(:id), :badgeable_type => badgeable.try(:class)})
    end
  end
  has_many :badges, :through => :badgings
end

虽然这有效 - 而且它可能是一个更好的解决方案 - 我不认为这是如何做a）多键外键的问题的实际答案，或b）使用的动态条件关联：通过关联。因此，如果有人有解决方案，请说出来。

Answer 1

如果将徽章分成两个模型，似乎它可能会锻炼得最好。这是我如何分解它以实现您想要的功能。我投入了一些命名的范围来保持实际干净的代码。

class BadgeSet
  has_many :badges
end

class Badge
  belongs_to :badge_set
  validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => :level

  named_scope :with_level, labmda {|level
    { :conditions => {:level => level} }
  }

  named_scope :next_levels, labmda {|level
    { :conditions => ["level > ?", level], :order => :level }
  }

  def next_level 
    Badge.next_levels(level).first
  end
end

class Badging < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :badge 
  belongs_to :badge_set
  belongs_to :badgeable, :polymorphic => true

  validates_uniqueness_of :badge_set_id, :scope => [:user_id, :badgeable_id]
  validates_presence_of :badge_set_id, :badge_id, :user_id  

  named_scope :with_badge_set, lambda {|badge_set|
    {:conditions => {:badge_set_id => badge_set} }
  }

  def level_up(level = nil)
    self.badge = level ? badge_set.badges.with_level(level).first 
      : badge.next_level
    save
  end
end

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :badgings, :dependent => :destroy do
    def grant badgeset, level, badgeable = nil
      b = badgings.with_badgeset(badgeset).first() || 
         badgings.build(
            :badge_set => :badgeset,
            :badge => badgeset.badges.level(level), 
            :badgeable => badgeable
         )

      b.level_up(level) unless b.new_record?

      b.save
    end
  end
  has_many :badges, :through => :badgings
  # ....
end